The financial assistance policies of some U.S. hospitals now define medical necessity much more restrictively than it has conventionally been understood, as covering only services that are urgently ...

A 51-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of weight loss, diarrhea, and fever. Transthoracic echocardiography showed vegetations on the aortic and mitral valves. A duodenal biopsy showed ...